| 1.The atom consists of a central, positively charged core, the nucleus, and negatively charged particles called electrons that are found in orbits around the nucleus.译文： 原子由中心带正电荷的原子核，以及在围绕原子核的轨道上运动的带负电的微粒电子组成。 | |
| | 2.Molecules are made up of two or more atoms, either of the same element or of two or more different elements, joined by one or more covalent chemical bonds.译文：化合物由两个或两个以上原子组成，同种元素或不同的两种及两种以上元素的原子之间依靠一或多个离子键结合。 | |
| | 3.A suitable indicator should be chosen, preferably one that will experience a change in color (an end point) close to the equivalence point of the reaction.译文： 应该选择合适的指示剂，最好是选择那种在反应终点会改变性质的物质。 | |
| | 4.The elements are sometimes grouped according to their properties.译文： 元素有时可根据他们的性质成组。 | |
| | 5.In organic chemistry, compounds composed of carbon and hydrogen are divided into two classes: aromatic compounds, which contain benzene rings or similar rings of atoms, and aliphatic compounds, which do not contain aromatic rings.译文：在有机化学中，由碳和氢组成的化合物可分为两大 | |
| | 6.This is best achieved by washing a hanging drop from the tip of the burette into the flask right at the end of the titration to achieve a drop that is smaller in volume than what can usually be achieved by just dripping solution off the burette.译文：这一目标（指反应终点）可通过在滴定即将结束时，利用蒸馏水清洗悬挂于滴定管尖端的液滴并汇入烧瓶来实现，该液滴体积上要比通常从滴定管滴下的液滴小得多。 | |
| | 7.The alchemists believed that metals could be converted into gold with the aid of a marvelous mineral called the philosopher's stone, which they never succeeded in finding or making. 译文： 炼金师们相信在一种令人惊异的矿物——点金石的帮助下，金属能够转变成黄金，但他们从未成功地找到或制成这种石头。 | |
| | 8.In the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) system of chemical nomenclature, the name of an alkene is derived from the name of the corresponding alkane by replacing the -ane alkane suffix with -ene and, if necessary, adding a prefix to indicate the location of the double bond in the molecule.译文：在国际理论和应用化学联合会化学命名法系统中，烯烃的名称来源于相应的烷烃，用-ene取代烷烃的后缀-ane，如果必要的话，添加一个前缀表示分子中双键的位置。 | |
| 1.脂肪酸 | |
| | 2.phlogiston theory | |
| | 3.equivalence point | |
| | 4.neutralization reaction | |
| | 5.2-methyl propane | |
| | 6.chemical symbol | |
| | 7.同分异构体 | |
| | 8.弱碱 | |
| | 9.酸碱指示剂 | |
| | 10.inert gas | |
| | 11.芳香族化合物 | |
| | 12.triple bonds | |
| | 13.实验装置 | |
| | 14.锥形瓶 | |
| | 15.atomic weight | |
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